Gross Domestic Product GDP Free Essays

The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of a nation is usually characterized as the all out market estimation of every single last great and administrations created in a nation in a given year. The way that it is estimated routinely and reliably in for all intents and purposes all nations of the world permits an immediate correlation of the way of life in singular nations. The continuous estimating likewise makes it conceivable to rapidly perceive evolving patterns. We will compose a custom article test on Total national output GDP or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now For instance, it is utilized to decide if an economy is becoming quicker or more slow than in the recently estimated period and to contrast it and different economies on the planet. At the point when GDP is determined corresponding to the number of inhabitants in a nation, one talks about the normal GDP per capita. This is regularly utilized as a marker of a country’s way of life. Nonetheless, as a proportion of the way of life in a nation, GDP has its impediments and weaknesses. ? It doesn't separate between monetary yield that really benefits the populace and financial bads in a nation, such as, costs for fighting, contamination creating enterprises, and so on. It does exclude unreported exercises, for example, illicit exchanging or bootleg market work. ? It doesn't reflect non-showcase exercises, for example, unpaid housework, childcare, and care for the old at home, network administrations or comparative exercises. The conveyance of riches inside a nation can be lopsided. When there is a high convergence of colossal riches in a little gathering, and by far most of a populace is extremely poor, the normal salary might be moderately high, in spite of the fact that the way of life of the greater part populace is low. Gross domestic product can just gauge the material way of life, without considering the personal satisfaction as saw by every person, which can't be normalized over a populace or nations. ? Monetary yield can increment because of mechanical advances requiring less business, in this manner diminishing the work proportion. ? The age dispersion inside a nation might be with the end goal that a moderately little gathering of working-age individuals need to help a huge gathering of elderly individuals, bringing about a lower business rate and subsequently a lower expectation for everyday comforts. Step by step instructions to refer to Gross Domestic Product GDP, Papers

Historia de Puerto Rico Essays - , Term Papers

Historia de Puerto Rico La Guerra Hispanoamericana ocurrio en el 1898 entre Espana y Estados Unidos junto a Cuba. Todo empezo porque el gobierno pioneer espanol de Cuba estaba abusando y oprimiendo a la gente cubana. Este time un tiempo donde todas las naciones grandes del mundo estaba n construyendo imperios y time un gran temor que si los Estados Unidos no empezaba a tomar colonias se arriesgaria a ser dominado. Bets que se presento la oportunidad de poder dominar a Cuba, lo Estados Unidos buscaban territorios ultramares, en el Caribe y Pacifico para expandir su poder militar. Asi mismo buscaban por los recursos extranjeros. Ellos querian, como Espana, tener relaciones economicas y poder beneficiar del cultivo de Cuba. Fue una combinacion de idealismo, preocupacion e interes propio lo que los llevo an esta guerra. Teodoro Roosevelt fue el secretario asistente de la Armada de Estados Unidos del Presidente William McKinley. E l convencio al presidente mandar un buque de guerra a Cuba para pr oteger ciudadan os americanos en la costa de Cuba . Misteriosamente, el 15 de febrero del 1898 el USS Maine explot o , matando 267 militares. Aunque no supieron quien lo caus o , la protesta publica le hizo imposible a McKinley no declarar guerra contra Espana e l 25 de abril del 1898. Roosevelt renuncio su puesto y organiz o un ejercito voluntario o caballeria llamada Unpleasant Riders. En el 12 de agosto , la guerra termin o , el tratado de Paris fue firmado y Espana entreg o a Cuba y cedio a Guam , Puerto Rico y Filipinas a los Estados Unidos. Bets de la guerra, Estados Unidos hizo una oferta an Espana por la adquisicion de Cuba y la reina de Espana, Maria Cristina de Habsburgo, declin o . Estados Unidos empez o an empeorar en relacion a poder de territorios y fuerzas militares, gracias a la Guerra de Secesion hace unos anos. Estados Unidos enfrentaba escasez de recursos extranjeros por lo cual querian tomar control de Cuba. En la Conferencia de Berlin de 1884 las potencias europeas decidieron repartirse sus territories de development en el continente africano, con el balance de no llegar a la guerra entre ellas. A comienzos del siglo 18 en Espana la interrupcion del comercio con America, la disminucion de crecimiento de la poblacion y la disminucion de la produccion agricola, a causas de la guerra, frenan el crecimiento economico de Espana. No obstante, la economia espanola experimento un crecimiento indudable, pero sin alcanzar los niveles de desarrollo de los paises europeos mas avanzados. Para luego enfrentarse an otra guerra con Estados Unidos y Cuba. Los efectos de la Guerra Hispanoamericana child; Estados Unidos se convierte en una nacion sumamente poderosa economicamente y en relacion a cultivos, bien beneficiada; Cuba pasa de ser colonia de Espana a colonia de Estados Unidos y luego recibe independencia; Puerto Rico se queda una colonia de Estados Unidos; Teodoro Roosevelt se convierte en un hombre respetado por el pueblo y en un futuro es president e de los Estados Unidos; La derrota de Espana hizo que la atencion de la nacion se alejara de sus aventuras coloniales en el extranjero y de sus necesidades internas, un proceso que lo llevo an un gran renacimiento social y literario tan necesario desarrollo economico en Espana. El Tratado de Paris fue un convenio firmado en Paris, la capital de Francia, el 10 de diciembre del 1898. Mediante este tratado, Espana renuncio a sus derechos de soberania y propiedad sobre Cuba, la que quedaria bajo la dominacion de Estados Unidos, cedio: la isla de Puerto Rico, las Indias Occidentales, y la Isla de Guam en el Archipielago de las Marianas, ademas, vendio las Filipinas por 20 millones de dolares. Las comisiones que representaron an ambos gobiernos durante el convenio estuvieron presididas por William R. Day y Eugenio Montero Rios. El USS Maine fue un buque de guerra mandado por Estados Unidos a Cuba para proteger durante la Guerra Hispanoamericana. Fue explotado misteriosamente el 15 de febrero del 1898 en el puerto de Havana y fue una de las causas de la guerra. Aun no se sabe que fue lo que causo esta explosi o n, matando

SIPAS SDG Fellows Team Win 2018 Geneva Challenge! COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

SIPA’S SDG Fellows Team Win 2018 Geneva Challenge! COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Do you remember a few weeks ago I wrote, in this blog post here, about how SIPA’s SDG Fellows team (Alonso Flores MPA-EPD ’19, Nigora Isamiddinova MPA-DP ’19, Jessica Arnold MIA ’19, Nitasha Nair MPA ’19, and Ji Qi MPA-DP ’19) made it to the finals of the 2018 Geneva Challenge? Well I am very happy to say that they won first place! SIPA’s classroom provides an opportunity for you to meet other classmates with various interests and skill sets and collaborate on projects that address some of the worlds’ most pressing and complex issues. Sometimes those collaborations in classroom can lead to solutions implemented out in the real world. The Geneva Challenge is one of the many opportunities at SIPA where students can implement what you learn in the classroom in the real world. The SIPA team, DASH â€" Data Analytics for Sustainable Herding, aims to map and analyze the changes in migration patterns, seasonality, and urban and agricultural development using data from satellites, mobile telecommunications, and GPS- enabled systems. It will create a blueprint for utilizing big data and applying machine learning and AI for better policy-making in the in the Sahel region, where competition for increasingly scarce natural resources is driving a rise in conflicts between pastoralists and farmers. In the award ceremony, the jury explained their decision to award the SSDG Fellows team first place: “The jury believes that this is an excellent and innovative solution. The proposal is well researched and authors a detailed and accurate contextualization. The real-time forecasting model using big data analytics and artificial intelligence techniques is a very ambitious tool to develop that could indeed have a wide and positive impact on the region. The project is also well thought out in terms of needs assessment, risk analysis, and implementation. The team has already taken further steps by having discussions with relevant government agencies by assessing institutional frameworks through laboratory projects.” The Geneva Challenge, launched in 2014, is an international contest for graduate students that aims to find innovative and pragmatic solutions to a designated international development problem. This year, there were 66 project entries submitted by 258 students from all over the world. Of those projects, 15 teams were chosen as semi-finalists. A jury then selected five finalist teams, one per continent, to defend their project at the the Graduate Institute in Geneva, Switzerland.  Other prize winners this year included teams from BRAC University, ETH Zürich, Kenyatta University, and the University of Buenos Aires. You can learn more about the MPA-Development Practice program that the SDG Fellows team is a part of here. Don’t forget that the January 5 deadline to apply for MPA-DP, MIA and MPA programs is coming up!

Women s Influence On American Culture - 929 Words

The primary reason a man would be unfaithful to his wife or girlfriend is his morals. A man’s will is dictated morals. Without the will he would it cancel out the next two reason, which is time and opportunity. Time and opportunity (a willing woman or man) is conjoined because you cannot have one without the other. He have to have the will, opportunity, and time to complete the equation. Women should not think that they can control these variables, why? Because every man is constructed differently and the bases comes from his age, experiences, and background. A younger man could be more impressionable compared to an older man who has settled in his ways. Every individual have a different experience than others; therefore in American culture if a man looks a certain way or have certain things his experience with people will be different from man who doesn’t have these privileges. The man’s background is legitimized from how did he gain his experience? A man makin g bad or good decision through his experiences would exploit whether he has learned anything from his background. Secondary perception is everything. Sometimes in life, people cannot have or get exactly what they want, and that also includes relationship. When a man settle with a woman he usually keep one foot in and one foot out of the relationship. What is a man’s perception of his wife or girlfriend? Then what is his friends and family perception of her? The way his family and friends perceive his wife orShow MoreRelatedThe Psychological Effects Of Eating Disorders1324 Words   |  6 Pages00 girl advertising a new diet and starts to feel insecure, or goes to every length on earth to lose weight, but what women don t realize is that those are all influences leading to eating disorders. Women are strongly affected by eating disorders in North America. Many societal, cultural and physiological aspects contribute to the impact that eating disorders have upon women. Psychological aspect of eating disorder The psychological effect of eating disorders is one of, if not the most influentialRead MoreCulture Is A Major Factor Of Obesity1555 Words   |  7 PagesCulture is a major factor of obesity. Many people generalize overweight and obese people as lazy and gluttonous. These people who generalize, like doctors and health nuts, ignore other factors that could cause a person to be heavy. They overlook the effect of food habits and how they can be passed down from generation to generation, much like a cultural tradition, and how respecting some of these traditions can be just as important as following their cultures values. Culture plays a greater roleRead MoreThe Secret Daughter By Shilpa Somaya Gowda1352 Words   |  6 PagesCulture can have a large effect on our daily lives, and can shape our thoughts and behaviors. The society an individual surrounds themselves in influences their decisions. It affects how they perceive themselves, their personal identity and reach their personal life goals. In the novel, The Secret Daughter, Shilpa Somaya Gowda explores the significant impact of social culture on the individual. It is evident through the experience of two women born into two different cultures, Kavita in India andRead MoreFashion In America Essay934 Words   |  4 Pages2017 Fashion inside the American culture Many regions around the world have influenced the American culture. The United States is the third largest country in the world with more than three hundred twenty - five million people. There are many cultures in every region that shape the american culture. For instance, Native Americans, Latin Americans, Africans and Asians, according to livescience. Fashion over the years inRead MoreBenefits For Nonhomophobic Societies : An Anthropological Perspective By Walter W. 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Many factors such as increased meal size, food being advertised more often, lack of physical activity required for jobs, technology becoming a necessity in everyday life hindering activity, and unhealthy food being available at almost every corner of the streets. Ethnic backgrounds also play a role in obesity. Growing up I dealt with being overweight and had toRead More Eating Disorders, Body Image and Cultural Contexts Essay1306 Words   |  6 Pagesor under the influence of Western ideals, many researchers are realizing that eating disorders are not isolated to this particular group. They are also realizing the differences in body image between occur in different races and genders (Pate, Pumariega, Hester 1992). Recently, several studies have shown that eating disorders transcend these specific guidelines, and increasingly, researchers are looking at male/female differences, cross-cultural variation and variation within cul tures as well. ItRead MoreEssay Police Culture1335 Words   |  6 PagesPolice Culture Marissa Efros, Lysa Lawson, Awele Meju, Makita Walker, Joseph Washington CJA/214 May 24, 2012 Jesse Banks Police Culture The history of policing can be traced back to the beginning of time. When looking at the subject of police work there is a large culture and history that follows along with it. There are many topics that can be analyzed when identifying, and describing the elements and the significances that are associated with policing. A largeRead MoreGender Roles : Gender And Gender1587 Words   |  7 Pagesbetween gender and sex. Sex is anatomical and biological. Gender role can be defined as a person’s inner sense of how a male or female should feel and behave. Culture and society are two important factors in relation to this particular topic. This implies that various societies and cultures may produce children and later fully grown men and women who may have diverse perspectives of a man or a woman’s place or role in the world around them; this is often determined by their culture’s gender stereotypesRead MoreI m Considering Becoming A Sports Fan1386 Words   |  6 Pa ges We come across many different cultures and fashion in our society. Some may indicate that the culture influences one’s fashion while others may oppose and state that each aspect stands alone. Fashion and culture fall into the following identity categories: chosen and assigned. Culture affects many parts of an individual, in some cases you can determine an individual s culture by their speech and clothing; in addition to traditions and the environment in which they were raised. Whereas fashion

Financial Analysis- for Royal Dutch Shell - 5927 Words

Royal Dutch Shell, Plc. (NYSE: RDS.A) Table of Contents Executive Summary3 Introduction4 Financial Ratio Analysis5 Liquidity6 Asset Management7 Debt Management8 Profitability10 Market Value12 Cash Flow and Growth Analysis14 Capital Structure Estimation16 Weighted Average Cost of Capital17 Cost of Debt17 Cost of Equity - CAPM18 Cost of Equity - DCF19 Cost of Equity - BYPRP19 WACC20 Project Cash Flow Estimation21 Capital Budgeting Analysis23 Sensitivity Analysis24 Scenario Analysis27 Conclusion28 References29 Appendix30 Executive Summary This report analyzes Royal Dutch Shell Plc. (RDS.A on NYSE) financial status, history, market space, and growth opportunities. Royal Dutch Shell Plc.†¦show more content†¦Royal Dutch Shell, Plc. (NYSE: RDS.A) Financial Ratios | Liquidity Ratios | 12/31/2011 | 12/31/2010 | 12/31/2009 | 12/31/2008 | 12/31/2007 | Average | Industry | Comments | Quick Ratio | 0.85 | 0.8 | 0.79 | 0.9 | 0.84 | 0.84 | 1.1 | Healthy | Current Ratio | 1.17 | 1.12 | 1.14 | 1.1 | 1.15 | 1.136 | 1.5 | Healthy | | | | | | | | | | Asset Management | 12/31/2011 | 12/31/2010 | 12/31/2009 | 12/31/2008 | 12/31/2007 | Average | Industry | Comments | Inventory Turnover | 13.6 | 10.84 | 9.77 | 15.56 | 10.84 | 12.12 | 14.9 | OK | Fixed Assets Turnover | 3.29 | 2.76 | 2.34 | 4.28 | 3.51 | 3.24 | 1.3 | Healthy | Total Asset Turnover | 1.45 | 1.23 | 0.99 | 1.66 | 1.41 | 1.35 | 0.6 | Healthy | | | | | | | | | | Debt Management | 12/31/2011 | 12/31/2010 | 12/31/2009 | 12/31/2008 | 12/31/2007 | Averag e | Industry | Comments | Debt Ratio | 17.90% | 22.80% | 20.20% | 15.30% | 12.60% | 17.76% | 51.98% | Healthy | Net Fixed Debt Ratio | 15.10% | 18.70% | 18.30% | 9.70% | 8.90% | 14.14% | 27.38% | Healthy | Debt to Equity Ratio | 21.70% | 29.61% | 25.36% | 18.06% | 14.37% | 21.82% | 42.69% | Healthy | | | | | | | | | | Profitability Ratios | 12/31/2011 | 12/31/2010 | 12/31/2009 | 12/31/2008 | 12/31/2007 | Average | Industry | Comments | Net Profit Margin on Sales | 6.32% | 5.47% | 6.88% | 3.32% |Show MoreRelatedPaper581 Words   |  3 Pagesstructure of Royal Dutch/Shell Group. Does it differ from the equity listings of other companies that you know? These equity listings are different from companies such as BP and Exxon. All subsidiary companies’ shares were held by the Group Holding Companies in the ratio of 60/40 (Royal Dutch/Shell). The corporate structure is outlined in the figure below. Individuals and Institutions Individuals and Institutions Royal Dutch Petroleum Company Netherlands 60% The â€Å"Shell† Transport andRead MoreFinance Shell1286 Words   |  6 PagesThe Case of Royal Dutch and Shell Structure: The Royal Dutch/Shell Group is different because it appears that it is functioning as a single company instead of two separate companies. Yet, they are functioning as two separate companies. The Shell Company in the Netherlands, the Shell Company in the UK and the Shell Petroleum Company in the USA all appear to be maintaining their own identities in their respective countries. The Royal Dutch and Shell Company share equally in the Shell Company inRead MoreSwot Analysis of Oil in Nigeria2736 Words   |  11 Pagesinformation from http://www.researchandmarkets.com/reports/683505/ Nigeria Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Industry Investment Opportunities, Analysis and Forecasts of All Active and Planned Exploration Blocks and Oil and Gas Fields to 2012 Description: Nigeria Oil and Gas Exploration and Production Industry Investment Opportunities, Analysis and Forecasts of All Active and Planned Exploration Blocks and Oil and Gas Fields to 2012 Summary This profile is the essential source for top-levelRead MoreSWOT Analysis of Shell in Nigeria1364 Words   |  5 PagesOverview of Shell and Operations - Shell is a group of energy and petrochemicals companies, which are operating in more than 140 countries and territories. The Royal Dutch/Shell Group, commonly know as Shell, is an amalgam of over 1,700 companies all over the world. 60% of the Group is owned by Royal Dutch of the Netherlands, and 40% is owned by the Shell Transport and Trading Group of Great Britain. These two companies have worked together since 1903. Shell includes companies like Shell PetroleumRead MoreInvesting Analysis for Royal Dutch Shell vs. British Petroleum5483 Words   |  22 PagesINTERNATIONAL FINANCE INVESTING ANALYSIS FOR: ROYAL DUTCH SHELL amp; BP PREPARED BY: ARMI ARFIFI BIN AZMI ATMAN BIN KHAIRULFAZI MOHD NAZRUL BIN AGOS MUHAMMAD AMIRUL MUKMIN BIN NOR HIDAN CONTENTS PREFACE 3 1.0 INTRODUCTION 4 2.0 COMPANY DESCRIPTIONS 6 2.1 SHELL 6 2.2 BP 7 3.0 PROBLEM DEFINITION 8 3.1 Research Problem 8 3.2 Project Objective 9 3.3 Research Question 9 4.0 PEST ANALYSIS 9 5.0 SWOT ANALYSIS 11 6.0 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS 14 6.1 Pyramid Of Key Ratios 14 Read MoreFinancial Accounting Exxon Shell Case1400 Words   |  6 PagesSchool of Business Financial Accounting 30000 Financial Statement Analysis Case Exxon vs. Shell: Understanding the effect of inventory valuation on Financial Statements Designed by: Valeri Nikolaev Objective: Understanding the effect of inventory valuation assumptions on financial statements. Assignment summary: You are taking the role of a security analyst who recently started following the Oil and Gas industry. The analyst has a task to draw a comparison of several financial indicators for twoRead MoreGlobal Success Of The Royal Dutch Shell Company Essay1758 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction Increased global success of the Royal Dutch Shell Company in the majority of emerging markets highlights the potential for consequent success within the US market. The need for expansion into the North American market remains crucial in facilitating overall business growth within a strong economy characterized by high levels of competition (Szulczyk McCarl, 2010). The decision to invest abroad by a company provides benefits to the company and the host country. However, the foreignRead MoreThe Financial Statement Of Shell Plc1617 Words   |  7 PagesINTRODUCTION This report is aimed to analyze the financial statement of Shell PLC between the years 2013 and 2014. Annual reports are used in order to calculate relevant ratios to measure profitability, liquidity and cash flow of the company. 1. Brief Description of Royal Dutch Shell PLC Royal Dutch Shell PLC engages in the oil and natural gas production. It operates through three segments: Upstream, Downstream. The Upstream segment combines the operating segments Upstream International and UpstreamRead MoreBusiness and Society Final - Group 06.Doc1478 Words   |  6 PagesGroup Assignment - Project Report Case: Shell Oil in Nigeria CLASS: BUS6351 - 2010SU-25535-BUSINESS AND SOCIETY Submitted by: Group 06 Nawazuddin Mohammed Khaja Randy Janssen Olufunto Ogunnowo Ladarien Richardson James Groesbeck Abstract The purpose of this paper is to critically analyze the case â€Å"Shell Oil in Nigeria† presented in our text book â€Å"Business and Society†. Here we discuss the company’s mission statement, their crisisRead MoreRoyal Dutch/Shell, Acquisitions, and Globalization3225 Words   |  13 PagesRoyal Dutch/Shell, Acquisitions and Globalization Question 1: Royal Dutch/Shell Group operates on a global basis, and is well known for continuously striving to look beyond horizons. Using examples from the case study, critically examine the main arguments for and against globalization in the global mining and metals industry in terms of: (a) The threat of new entrants and substitutes in emerging markets, and The oil and natural gas industries are inherently global in nature. This is likewise

Ecological Interaction Of Humans And Reptiles Environmental Sciences Essay Free Essays

Ecological interaction is the relation between species that live together in a community ; specifically, the consequence an person of one species may exercise on an person of another species. Reptiles and amphibious vehicles seems non to play a really important function in the sustainability of human life on Earth but deeper research into the functions of these beings indicates that they are of importance. There are assorted ecological menaces which can impact reptilians. We will write a custom essay sample on Ecological Interaction Of Humans And Reptiles Environmental Sciences Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Habitat loss and devastation is a major ecological issue impacting reptilian species. Habitat loss is widely recognized as the taking menace to planetary biodiversity. While hard to specifically categorise, habitat loss take topographic points on an overlapping scope from small-scale to large-scale and from absolute devastation to subtle debasement. There are many factors which contribute to this phenomena. Activities such as excavation, logging, switching cultivation and glade of secret plans of land can present menace to the natural home grounds of many herpes. This promotes migration of species from one country to another therefore cut downing the diverseness of the country. Climate alteration is another deduction which can act upon the lives of herpes and reptilians. Climate alteration responses will be influenced by a figure of factors: ( 1 ) expected alterations and incompatibility in local environmental and habitat conditions ; ( 2 ) the phenology ( clocking ) of life-requisite activities ; ( 3 ) interactions with emerging pathogens and invasive species ; and ( 4 ) interactions with other environmental stressors ( e.g. , chemicals ) . Over the short term ( e.g. , yearly ) , the interaction of these factors will find generative success rates and endurance to metabolism. Over the long term, the regularity and extent of utmost temperature and precipitation events will probably act upon the continuity of local populations, distribution capablenesss and therefore the construction of meta-populations on the landscape. Alternation in air and H2O temperature, precipitation, and the hydro period ( Carey and Alexander 2003 ) tends to impact amphibious and reptilian species since they are extremely sensitive to and react strongly to these alterations. This is due to them being poikilotherms ; their organic structure temperature depends on most favourable environmental status. Amphibians require aquatic and damp home ground for puting egg and larval development and station metamorphous life phases severally. Amphibians are more likely to see lower endurance rate to metabolism as the temperature warms and variableness of H2O proceed. Speciess related with passing Waterss, such as low pools and jumping watercourses may be preponderantly susceptible to altered precipitation forms. Temperatures outside of their thermic optima will besides do physiological emphasiss. Some reptile species exhibit temperature-dependent sex finding during egg incubation that could be influenced by alterations and variableness in planetary climate.Because of their affinities to aquatic home grounds and their little size, amphibious vehicles typically have comparatively little place scopes and low dispersion rates. Reptiles are more nomadic and have a greater ability to defy the expected drier and warmer conditions. However, because cardinal home grounds and species scopes have already been altered and fragmented by human usage and development, the physical tracts to link animate beings with suited home grounds ( e.g. , upwards in latitude or lift ) may non be. Direct ecological interactions between herpes includes: niche differenciation ( resource breakdown ) , predation and competition. Niche differenciationrefers to the procedure by which natural choice thrusts viing species into different forms of resource usage or different niches. This causes one coinage to partition resource with another so that one does non wholly out compete the other, accordingly coexistence is achieved through the distinction of their realized ecological niches. Niche partitioning may non happen if there is sufficient geographic and ecological infinite for beings to spread out into. A typical illustration of resource breakdown is shown by the Anolis lizards in the tropical rain forest. Although they portion common nutrient demands – chiefly insect, they evade competition by shacking in different parts of the rain forest. Some live on the foliage litter floor while others live on fly-by-night subdivisions, thereby avoiding competition over nutrient in those subdivisions of the forest. Resourse breakdown is a type of niche distinction. Resource partitioning occurs when biological species require different parts of the same resource. Human interactions with amphibious populations. Human existences have impacted about on every life animal on Earth both straight and indirectly. Worlds have interacted with amphibious vehicles since antiquity. Some of these exchanges are direct and easy understood while other connexions are more hard to spot. Human activity has caused the disappearing of many carnal species, the deceases and diseases of others and as a consequence, pose major a menace to the Earth ‘s biodiversity. Due to human interactions, many at that place has been dramatic diminutions in amphibious populations, including population clangs and mass localised extinctions, have been noted since the 1980s from locations all over the universe. These diminutions are perceived as one of the most critical menaces to planetary biodiversity, and several causes are believed to be involved, including, over exploiataion, pollution and chemical usage, habitat devastation and alteration, clime alteration, and increased ultraviolet-B radiation ( UV-B ) . Human interactions can be direct and indirect. Direct interactions with amphibious vehicles: this involves straight taking species of amphibious vehicles which includes toads, frogs, salamanders, triton and utilizing them for commercial and economic intents. One direct human interaction is over development. As with many other resources that worlds consume and over exploit, Amphibious species are no exclusion. Frogs are commercially of import for their nutrient value. The legs of some Rana catesbeiana species are in heavy demand in China, Europe ( particularly France ) and in parts of the United States, particularly Louisiana. The worldwide crop is an estimated 200 million Rana catesbeianas ( about 10,000 metric dozenss ) yearly. Major Rana catesbeiana providers include Bangladesh, China, Indonesia, and Japan, with about 80 million collected each twelvemonth from rice Fieldss in Bangladesh entirely. As a consequence, populations have fallen drastically from inordinate development ( Economic and Ecologic Importance of Amphibians: Investigating the Connections Between Amphibians and Humans ) hypertext transfer protocol: //www.suite101.com/content/amphibianhuman-interactions-a179036 # ixzz15aCfnKk6 ) In add-on, many amphibious species are removed from the natural state to be used as pets, and to provide biological markets. This development of species has besides lead to mass diminution of amphibious populations. Indirect human interactions: these include all the activities that human existences do to change the environment, which intern affects all carnal populations and planetary biodiversity. The current planetary loss of species is a procedure generated by the activities of worlds. As we modify our environment for our ain terminals, it is clear that the devastation of the home grounds of other species leads straight to their disappearing. Indirect human interactions, that has lead to mass diminution includes: Water quality factors ( chiefly caused by pollution and chemical usage ) : Many H2O ways are polluted by human activities particularly agricultural and industrial activities. These pollutants contaminate the H2O ways that many amphibious vehicles use as home grounds and since amphibious vehicles have permeable, open tegument and eggs that may readily absorb toxic substances from the environment. Their eggs are laid in H2O or in damp countries, and their larvae ( polliwogs ) are aquatic. Because amphibious vehicles are closely tied to an aquatic environment, the quality of the H2O in which they live can impact their growing, development, and endurance. Because pollutants, waterborne pathogens, and planetary environmental alterations can all affect H2O quality, these factors can in bend affect amphibious vehicles. Conversely, amphibious vehicles are of import indexs of H2O quality, and are considered a lookout species, intending that what affects amphibious vehicles soon may impact other carnal species in the hereafter. Acidification. A figure of surveies have shown that acidification of fresh H2O ( that is, a decrease in pH to acidic degrees ) via acid rain, acid snowmelt, or other manners of pollution are harmful to amphibious growing and development. Some species are more tolerant of acid conditions than others. Therefore, depending on the species, the sum of sourness, and other environmental variables, amphibious vehicles may see developmental malformations and increased mortality due to acidification. Acidification potentially affects amphibious populations and the communities in which amphibious vehicles live. For illustration, some populations of frogs in Britain have likely been reduced by H2O acidification. Salamander populations in Colorado seem to hold declined because of increased acidification during snowmelt. Several surveies have shown that acidification of the H2O can impact competition and predation between amphibious vehicles. Therefore, the larvae of some frog species may hold increased survival rates under acerb conditions because their salamander marauders show reduced predation at low pH. Nitrates and Nitrites. Many chemical merchandises used in agribusiness and industry pollute aquatic home grounds, doing potentially terrible harm to ecosystems. For illustration, the addition in concentration of nitrate in surface H2O on agricultural land due to legion beginnings may be risky to many species of fish, Toxic Substances. Merely as amphibious species display fluctuation in sensitiveness to nitrate-related compounds, they besides show fluctuation in tolerance to other toxic substances that may be found in H2O. Insecticides such as organophosphates, carbonates, and man-made pyrethroids, which are used chiefly in harvest production, have a broad array of effects on amphibious vehicles. Depending on the concentrations used and the species involved, some of these substances may be deadly, may impact growing and development, or may impact metabolism. Habitat alteration change and atomization. Habitat alteration or devastation includes the building of substructure and roads, excavation and logging activities etc. and is one of the most dramatic issues impacting amphibious species worldwide. As amphibious vehicles by and large need aquatic and tellurian home grounds to last, menaces to either home ground can impact populations. Hence, amphibious vehicles may be more vulnerable to habitat alteration than beings that merely necessitate one home ground type. Large scale clime alterations may farther be modifying aquatic home grounds, forestalling amphibious vehicles from engendering wholly. Climate alteration Anthropogenic planetary heating has unambiguously exerted a major consequence on amphibious diminutions. For illustration, in the Monteverde Cloud Forest, a series of remarkably warm old ages led to the mass disappearings of the Monteverde Harlequin toad and the Golden Toad. ( decline_in_amphibian _populations.com ) . An increased degree of cloud screen, which has warmed the darks and cooled down daytime temperatures in an effort to command planetary heating, has been blamed for easing the growing and proliferation of the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis ( the causative agent of the fungous infection chytridiomycosis. Chytridiomycosis or Chytrid Fungus is an epizootic and a major subscriber to the diminution of amphibious populations around the universe, endangering many species with extinction. This fungus is a planetary emerging amphibious pathogen which is turn outing to be one of the worst craniate infective diseases found so far. It is doing a immense sum of extinction and disease within amphibious populations. More than 100 species of amphibious vehicles are known to be affected by the chytrid fungus ( Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis ) . Some are really susceptible and die rapidly while others which are more immune are bearers of the pathogen. This disease is already credited with pass overing out toads and frogs in big Numberss in Australia and South America. ( decline_in_amphibian _populations.com ) The increased temperature caused by planetary heating has besides caused the disappearing of many species from progressively hot home grounds. The rise in sea degrees which causes attendant implosion therapy and devastation of home ground has besides lead to extinction of some species. Ultra violet radiation Degrees of UV-B radiation in the ambiance have risen significantly over the past few decennaries, due to stratospheric ozone depletion and clime alteration. Research workers have found that UV-B radiation can kill amphibious vehicles straight, cause sublethal effects such as slowed growing rates and immune disfunction. The sum of harm depends upon the life phase, the species type and other environmental parametric quantities. Salamanders and toads that produce less photolyase, an enzyme that counteracts DNA harm from UVB, are more susceptible to the effects of loss of the ozone bed. Exposure to ultraviolet radiation may non kill a peculiar species or life phase but may do terrible harm to it. How to cite Ecological Interaction Of Humans And Reptiles Environmental Sciences Essay, Essay examples

The Natural World, Human Identity, Human Relationships, and Civilization A Perspective from the Book of Genesis

Introduction In the contemporary world, man continues to seek for answers to address the various issues affecting their daily life. A lot of soul searching takes place in this regard. In such cases, the Bible acts as a guide in responding to fundamental questions about life on earth (Goheen and Craig 3).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Natural World, Human Identity, Human Relationships, and Civilization: A Perspective from the Book of Genesis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The current paper is written against this background of human life and the Bible. More specifically, an analysis is made from the perspective of the book of Genesis. The author of this paper holds that the said book of Genesis helps in understanding man and his relationships. The book of Genesis (chapters 1 to 11) is the basis of the review made in this paper. To this end, a critical analysis of the natural world and human identity is pro vided. In addition, the author analyzes human relationships and civilization in relation to this book. Each of these elements (natural world, human identity, human relationships, and civilization) impacts on the individual’s view of the world (Goheen and Craig 5). The author of this paper concludes the essay by explaining the link between the said aspects and the thesis statement provided above. An Analysis of the Natural World from the Perspective of Genesis 1-11 The Bible (King James Version, herein referred to as KJV), introduces the element of the natural world through an illustration of the creation process. Nature is best understood through the various dimensions of creation highlighted in this book. The dimensions include, among others, light, water, and trees. In Genesis 1:1 (KJV), the Bible affirms that nature, as known to man, is the work of God. As such, it is safe to assume that the natural world belongs to God. The book of Genesis tells the story of creation by i llustrating the Lord as the architect of the universe. In Genesis 1:1 (KJV), the author provides that creation occurred in ‘the beginning’. Consequently, God is described as the originator of time (â€Å"Genesis Chapter 1† par. 3). The element of time helps to highlight the aspect of sequence in nature. The creation process suggests that time explains what happens in nature. The book of Genesis (1:1, KJV) explains that there was a sequence in the creation spectrum. For example, man was the last creature that God put on earth.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Analysis of Human Identity in Relation to Genesis 1-11 In a bid to understand their identity, an individual is expected to first determine their origins (Goheen and Craig 29). In Genesis 1:27 (KJV), the Bible explains that human identity takes after God, who is the Creator of man. Towards the end of the creation process, God decided to bring man to life in ‘His own image’ (â€Å"Genesis Chapter 1† par. 4). An analysis of this verse reveals that human identity, as already indicated, is similar to God’s identity. As a species, man can either be male or female. The differentiation is highlighted in the first chapter of the book of Genesis (KJV). In Genesis 2:7 (KJV), the holy book illustrates the ‘actual’ creation process. From the text, it is apparent that God was personally involved in the development of man. It is God who gave man a name. The preferential treatment ensured that man is superior to other creations. As such, the identity of the individual is sourced from God. It is a very strong form of belonging. A Review of Human Relationships as Illustrated in Genesis 1-11 The Bible (KJV) gives a detailed explanation of the ‘triune’ nature of human relationships. Goheen and Craig (56) provide a working definition of a triune rel ationship. Goheen and Craig describe it as the kind of interaction that exists in three major forms. In Genesis 1 and 2 (KJV), the holy Bible introduces the first form of human relationship. It is described as the form of engagement that is evidenced between man and God. Man is expected to hold God in high regard. On His part, God acts as man’s provider. The relationship is described from Genesis 1 to 11. In the text, laws are created to suggest a vertical relationship between man and God. In Genesis 1-11 mentioned above, humans are expected to relate with each other, in addition to relating with their Creator. An example of such a relationship is exhibited in the way God creates a mate for Adam. He names her Eve, as is shown in Genesis 2:18 (KJV). The link between humans is also evident in Genesis 11:1 (KJV). Here, all people in the world communicate and interact with each other using one language. The third form of relationship is that between man and the environment. In Ge nesis 1, God is seen creating a habitat for human beings. The new home for Adam and Eve is named the Garden of Eden. The Bible requires man to respect the environment. The reason is that the environment is one of the representatives of God in the world today. Civilization and Genesis 1-11 According to Goheen and Craig (89), civilization is an attempt by man to improve their societal welfare through technology. The first attempt at civilization was recorded when Adam and Eve made aprons using leaves to hide their nakedness. The story is told in Genesis 3:7 (KJV).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Natural World, Human Identity, Human Relationships, and Civilization: A Perspective from the Book of Genesis specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Human habitation constitutes the larger element of civilization. In Genesis 4:17 (KJV), the first city is built by man. In the chapters that follow, it becomes apparent that huma n population needs food to survive. It is as a result of this that agriculture is widely practiced. In Genesis 11:1 (KJV), the Bible describes the importance of civilization and God. It is a fact that it is the wish of the Lord to see man prosper. However, in the verse above, God confuses people in a bid to prevent them from constructing the Tower of Babel. The implication is that some technological innovations are harmful to mankind and negatively affects his relationship with God. As such, civilization should be in line with the will of God. Conclusion The eleven chapters of Genesis shed light on human relationships, civilization, natural world, and human identity. In this paper, it was found that human relationships can be understood from the perspective of the natural world. Genesis 1:1 (KJV) describes creation as a way of understanding nature and its origins. The same verse explains man’s identity. To this end, the identity is seen as emanating from God. It is only throu gh civilization that the aspect of human relationships is properly revealed. Man is expected to relate with God, nature, and fellow humans. The said relationships affect one’s view of the universe. They introduce the element of hierarchy in nature. Harmony is established when humans respect God. At the same time, man is expected to take care of the environment, which acts as their subject. Finally, humans should treat each other with respect given that they are peers. Redemption of man lies in the understanding of their triune relationships. Works Cited Genesis Chapter 1 2013. Web. https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/Genesis-Chapter-1/. Goheen, Michael, and B. Craig. Living at the Crossroads: An Introduction to Christian Worldview, Michigan: Baker Academic, 2008. Print.Advertising Looking for essay on religion theology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This essay on The Natural World, Human Identity, Human Relationships, and Civilization: A Perspective from the Book of Genesis was written and submitted by user Autumn Witt to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

WPU essays

WPU essays A University should be a place of delight, of liberty, and of learning How could the Seton Hall University help me achieve intellectual independence and assist me in pursuing a life of ideas? Seton Hall University would allow me to fulfill my perfectionist ideals; I would be able to compete with the best and the brightest. Moreover, the non-academic life within a dynamic campus, and a strong sense of community would enhance the challenging courses that the university has to offer. It is not simple to find a distinctive institution with incredible resources as well as personal attention. With a small faculty-to-student ratio in all classes, I could truly have significant interaction with the professors while simultaneously retaining the knowledge Id be acquiring. The hands-on experience with up-to-date equipment would be like a dream come true as Id encompass myself with ubiquitous, influential technology which is taken for granted by the common person. Taking advantage of the broad spectrum of undergraduate programs, I would improve my ability to think quantitatively, solve complicated problems, and apply my knowledge to the real world. Therefore, I have always been interested in the field of buisness, for it embodies my favorite subjects. As my calculus teacher frantically writes the equations of integrals on the board, I jot down the notes with a clear understanding of what the signs stand for and the logic behind them. Business is a major that is expected to continue experiencing growth, especially strong in areas emphasizing technology. Our society is becoming more technologically driven day by day, and is always on the look-out for expansion and increasing efficiency. By choosing Buisness as a profession, I am able to contribute to the well-being of the society as well as rigorously challenging my intellectual abilities. Although both frustration and jubilation will ensue as I endeavor to find creative solutions to d...

How to Calculate Standard Deviation

How to Calculate Standard Deviation Standard deviation (usually denoted by the lowercase Greek letter ÏÆ') is the average or means of all the averages for multiple sets of data. Standard deviation is an important calculation for math and sciences, particularly for lab reports. Scientists and statisticians use standard deviation to determine how closely sets of data are to the mean of all the sets. Fortunately, its an easy calculation to perform. Many calculators have a standard deviation function, however, you can perform the calculation by hand and should understand how to do it. Different Ways to Calculate Standard Deviation There are two main ways to calculate standard deviation: population standard deviation and sample standard deviation. If you collect data from all members of a population or set, you apply the population standard deviation. If you take data that represents a sample of a larger population, you apply the sample standard deviation formula. The equations/calculations are nearly the same with two exceptions: for the population standard deviation, the variance is divided by the number of data points (N), while for the sample ​standard deviation, its divided by the number of data points minus one (N-1, degrees of freedom). Which Equation Do I Use? In general, if youre analyzing data that represents a larger set, choose the sample standard deviation. If you gather data from every member of a set, choose the population standard deviation. Here are some examples: Population Standard Deviation- Analyzing test scores of a class.Population Standard Deviation- Analyzing the age of respondents on a national census.Sample Standard Deviation- Analyzing the effect of caffeine on reaction time on people ages 18 to 25.Sample Standard Deviation- Analyzing the amount of copper in the public water supply. Calculate the Sample Standard Deviation Here are step-by-step instructions for calculating standard deviation by hand: Calculate the mean or average of each data set. To do this, add up all the numbers in a data set and divide by the total number of pieces of data. For example, if you have four numbers in a data set, divide the sum by four. This is the mean of the data set.Subtract the deviance of each piece of data by subtracting the mean from each number. Note that the variance for each piece of data may be a positive or negative number.Square each of the deviations.Add up all of the squared deviations.Divide this number by one less than the number of items in the data set. For example, if you had four numbers, divide by three.Calculate the square root of the resulting value. This is the sample standard deviation. See a worked example of how to calculate sample variance and sample standard deviation. Calculate the Population Standard Deviation Calculate the mean or average of each data set. Add up all the numbers in a data set and divide by the total number of pieces of data. For example, if you have four numbers in a data set, divide the sum by four. This is the mean of the data set.Subtract the deviance of each piece of data by subtracting the mean from each number. Note that the variance for each piece of data may be a positive or negative number.Square each of the deviations.Add up all of the squared deviations.Divide this value by the number of items in the data set. For example, if you had four numbers, divide by four.Calculate the square root of the resulting value. This is the population standard deviation. See an example worked problem for variance and population standard deviation.

Explaining a Concept Research Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Explaining a Concept Research Paper - Essay Example Human activities that cause an increase in the amount of green house gases in the atmosphere include: industrial farming, cutting down of trees and burning of fossil fuels. This paper will give an overview of the issue of global warming and will highlight its impacts and measures developed to contain the issue. Green house gases are described as atmospheric gases that absorb and release radiation within the range of the thermal infrared through a process identified as the green house effect (Bhatia 124). The main green house gases in the atmosphere are carbon dioxide, water vapor, nitrous oxide, ozone and methane. Green house gases tend to increase atmospheric temperatures as they allow incoming solar radiation to get into the atmosphere but they trap the outgoing wave radiation of heat preventing it from escaping. This will cause heating of the atmosphere leading to global warming. Research has been carried out by scientists to determine the effects of global warming which include s ediment research, tree- ring research and ice- core analysis. The sediment research has identified that water levels in the oceans are reducing compared to water levels about 400,000 years ago. The tree ring research, on the other hand, shows the levels of atmospheric precipitation (Siegfried and Avery 128). These researches have provided sufficient evidence to show that global warming has resulted in changes in climate. Researchers have therefore concluded that human activities and unregulated release of green house gases into the atmosphere are the main causes of global warming and climate change. Governments, researchers and conservationists have acknowledged the adverse impacts that global warming may have on the environment if corrective measures are not put into place. Global warming is a serious problem that has adverse impacts on sustainable development of the nation. Adaptation has been identified as a strategy that can be applied to enable the nation to deal with climate c hange. Adaptation will involve making necessary adjustments in the human as well as natural systems in response to expected changes in climate. According to research carried out by scientists, levels of global warming and climate change are highest in temperate and polar regions (Siegfried and Avery 275). The Polar Regions have thick and large masses of slow moving ice known as glaciers. Glaciers cover a significant proportion of the earth surface. Ice carps and valley glaciers found in the Polar Regions contain more than 50 % of the world’s fresh water. Scientists have predicted that the rate of melting of glaciers and ice carps has increased in recent times due to increased global temperatures. The rate of melting is expected to increase in coming years if effective mitigation measures are not initiated to contain global warming. Scientists have also predicted that if the worldwide ‘business as usual’ culture continues, global warming will lead to a rise in the sea levels of approximately 25 inches. Other research shows that sea levels will rise as soon as in 2040. Rising sea levels, however, will rise depending on the rate with which glaciers and ice carps are melting. If the rate of global warming continues to increase, the rates with which glacie

Final Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Final Project - Essay Example However they soon diversified their portfolio and ventured into selling DVDS, CDs, and MP3 downloads software’s, games, electronics, food, toys, furniture and apparel. They started spreading out from United States and established bases in Canada, the United Kingdom, Germany, France, Japan and China. A business model is also termed as a business design. It is the way in which a business intends to specify a value proposition for its targeted customers, it’s positioning and it’s financial model. In other words, it is a summary of how the company intends to serve its customers, in what areas does it intend to serve its customers and what would be its product offering. At the Inception of Amazon.com, the delivery of information, services and goods to end customer was employed as its business model. It was called the â€Å"Online Retailer of Physical Good†. Under this model, manufactured products are sold online and there is a lot of dependency on third party providers. Third party providers are needed to maintain a continuous stock of supplies. Of the four types of e-commerce business models out there, Amazon uses the Business to consumer e-commerce (B2C) model. The B2C models focuses on direct selling of goods and services to the customer. This is done via online catalogs and shopping cart transaction systems. Amazon uses the virtual market place, a subtype of B2C model. Amazon became known for its feel-friendly culture when it was first launched. It was keen on recruiting the brightest, versatile and most intelligent people on the block. Its leaders tried to inculcate the same vision that they had for Amazon in the minds of their employees too. They believed in sharing hard work and fun at work. While employees were paid less than the market rates, they were given enough empowerment to feel happy and wanted at Amazon. Under its cost leadership strategy Amazon has stood out by offering rock-bottom prices. It provides good

Case Study Of The Three Gorges Dam

Case Study Of The Three Gorges Dam The following case study on the Three Gorges Dam illustrates the pros and cons of concrete gravity dam construction and is an excellent complement to the material discussed in the technical paper. Chinas Three Gorges Dam (TGD) is the largest power generating plant in the world. The TGD is a hydroelectric concrete gravity dam that spans the Yangtze River, in Hubei province.5 It is located in the Xilingxia gorge which is one of the three gorges of this river.5 Costing a total of over 30 billion US dollars 6, the TGD project was put in place for several reasons including flood protection, energy production, increased navigability throughout the Yangtze River and access to fresh water for the citizens. 3 The construction of this dam is having a major impact on Chinas national economy, and its performance is critical to the large population living in Three Gorges region. 3 Upon its completion, the dam will measure 2.6 kilometres in length, 186 meters in height and it will form a 645 kilometre long reservoir in the midsection of the Yangtze. 3 The dam is designed to generate an output of 17680MW which includes 26 generators at 680 MW per unit. 3 The following figure shows the exact location of Three Gorges dam. Figure 3: Map of the Three Gorges Dam In terms of construction, the dam will be composed of 32 primary generators which will allow the dam to reach its maximum power output capacity. 26 generators are found on the dam itself while the remaining are built below a neighbouring mountain.6. Furthermore, a ship lift capable of vertically transporting ships (weighing as much as 3000 tons) from one water level to another will be built on the north side of the Three Gorges Dam.6. Other than the ship lift, a series of locks have been installed designed for boats weighing up to 10 000 tons; approximately four hours are needed for transit of these vessels. 6. The ship lifts and locks constructed as part of the TGD are very beneficial aspects as they promote increased navigability throughout the Yangtze River. By transporting more freight on the river, a reduction in emissions caused by the trucking industry is predicted,6 which is beneficial to the environment. The following table shows a summary of several specifications of the da m: Table 3: TGD Physical Summary (http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12142004-125131/unrestricted/SAllin_010304.pdf) Location Dam Site Sandouping, Hubei Province, China Dam Crest 185 meters Dam Length 2,000 meters Reservoir Specifications Normal Pool Level 175 meters Flood Control Level 145 meters Total Storage Capacity 39.3 billion cubic meters Flood Control Storage 22.1 billion cubic meters Power Generation Installed Capacity 17,680 MW Unit Capacity 26 units, 680 MW/unit Inundation Land 632 km-long, 19 cities, 326 towns Arable Land 30,000 hectares Population 1,980,000 people As mentioned previously, prevention or mitigation of the effects of floods is one of the primary reasons for the construction of the Three Gorges Dam since Chinese records show that about one major flood per decade occurs in the area, some killing over 300 000 people. 3 The TGD which has a total of 22 billion cubic meters of capacity destined to flood control will allow China to control some major floods which also have a great impact on the economy.3 Energy production is also a major benefit involved in the construction of the dam. In fact, with its output of 18 million KW, the TGD is worlds most powerful plant. It was found that the TGD would produce a total of nearly 10% of the available energy in China.3 A third reason for the construction of the dam would be for consistent access to fresh water for consumption or agricultural use. In fact, it is known that the Yangtze Rivers water level fluctuates significantly which could affect the amount of water available for use; the TGD wi ll be able to supply this water consistently, mitigating the effects of these fluctuations in the water level of the river. 3. Finally, increased navigability in the river is another benefit related to the construction of this dam. The Three Gorges Dam allows for a direct access from the Pacific Ocean into mainland China, which in turn promotes increased trade in the cities; in the end, increased navigability will create new job, new markets will emerge, and there will be a better economic vitality in general.3 It is clear that there are significant benefits to the construction of this dam, as it will not only have a positive impact on the Chinese economy, but it will also increase the quality of life of Chinese citizens and contribute to human development. Unfortunately, some argue that the environmental and social price to be paid with respect to the construction of the Three Gorges dam outweighs its benefits to society. In fact, the environmental impacts including effects on biodiversity, emissions, erosion and sedimentation as well as waste, and the social effect of relocation of millions of citizens causes great harm to the Chinese population. The following information on the environmental and social effects of the construction of the Three Gorges Dam is written with the help from a report from Samuel Robert Fishleigh Allin which will be listed in the references used for this technical paper. Environmental effects The construction of dams definitely has a detrimental impact on the environment. Some of the impacts involved are greenhouse gas emission, loss of aquatic biodiversity, loss of water quality, loss of wildlife, and creation of wetlands. The construction of the dam negatively alters the composition of the water in the Yangtze River, already one of the most polluted rivers in the world due mainly to coal shipping. First, the dust resulting from the construction itself will enter and pollute the water. It is found that the oxygen levels as well as the temperature of the water, which affects fish downstream, are also altered upon the dams completion. Furthermore, greenhouse gases are released from the breakdown of vegetation and silt, which lowers the surrounding air quality. Also, a silt build-up in the river could possibly affect the reservoirs of the dams increasing the possibility of floods, upstream from the dam. The flow of silt throughout the river is very crucial to aquatic wildli fe; without it in proper quantities, the organisms can be deprived of a sufficient quantity of nutrients. Moreover, the Three Gorges Dam affects the stream flow of the River and this disrupts the aquatic ecosystems which are very dependent on the timing of the water level fluctuations. Finally, one more aspect that is more related to the health and safety of the population is the fact that the TGD was built near a fault line and the magnitude and force that this dam exerts on the ground can increase the chances that an earthquake occurs. Social effects It is important to account for the different negative social impacts before launching the construction of a large dam. The most significant social implication related to the Three Gorges Dam is the fact that over one million people living near the reservoir area had to be relocated, many already living in severe poverty, while the compensation for relocation was often inadequate. Water from the Three Gorges Dam is expected to flood 13 cities and over 100 000 acres of farmland which really disturbs the people`s everyday life as it results in loss of jobs and well being. Some of the difficulties involved in the resettlement process include medical services, schools, drinking water and food as well as electricity. Also, another social impact is the fact that some of the archaeological sites near the dam including historical artefacts will become inaccessible due to the construction of the dam. On the other hand, one social benefit of the TGD is flood control provided by the dam will sav e people from disasters in the future as the frequency of a major flood is expected to be at 1 in 100 years frequency. To end the section on social impacts a figure of the scope of the resettlement area caused by the construction of the TGD is shown: http://www.ctgpc.com/benefifs/images/06.jpg In conclusion, although the construction of the Three Gorges Dam is great for the development of the Yangtze River, contributes to the Chinese economy, and presents benefits such as flood control, energy production, increased navigability and access to fresh water, it is clear that the negative social and environmental price to pay to sustain these benefits is a major cause of concern for the future.

Doctor Faustus as a Play Essay

1. Characters The main characters are the Faustus, the protagonist, Mphistophilis, the villain. Apart from this we have Wagner, Good angel, evil angle, Lucifer as major characters. Chorus, Pope, The Emperor of Germany, Raymond king of Hungary, Duke of Saxony, Bruno, Duke of Vanholt, Duchess of Vanholt, Martino, Frederic, Benvolio, Valdes, Cornelius, Clown, Rogin, Dick, Vintner, Horse-course, Carter, Old Man, Scholar, Cardinals, Archbishop of Rheims, Bishops, Monks, Friars, Soldiers, Belzibub, The seven deadly sins, Devils, Spirits in the shapes of Alexander The great, of his Paramour, of Darius, and of Helen in the list of minor characters. 2. Dialogue The play was written well ahead 1830, so the colloquial prose is automatically eliminated. The dialogue in the play, Dr Faustus, is more of the thoughts of the characters instead of their actual words. For example, Faustus says, â€Å"Faustus, begin thine incantations, And try if devils will obey thy hest, Seeing thou hast pray’d and sacrific’d to them.† Here, he is alone on stage, and is talking to himself. Usually we don’t see people talking to themselves while they’re alone. However, Marlowe uses this so time of solitude as a time to tell us what Faustus is doing, which keeps up informed. Those words seems to be less natural because they sound like Faustus’ thoughts instead of his actual dialogue. An example of stage direction within the dialogue is when Mephistophilis says, ‘Faustus, thou shatl: then kneel down presently, Whilst on thy head I lay my hand, And charm thee with this magic wand.’ 3. Plot The play, Doctor Faustus, is all about Faustus, an erudite man in medicine and other knowledge known to man. However, disgruntled Faustus, not knowing where his life is heading, calls upon Lucifer and his accomplice, Mephistophilis, to instruct him the ways of magic. But they agree to be his mentors only if Faustus would sell his soul to Lucifer and be his after 24 years. Faustus agrees. He goes through trying times while he is unsure of his decision and considers repenting. But then he’s persuaded over and over again to the magic powers of the devil that were far more satisfying than the powers of heaven. 4. Conflict The conflict in Doctor Faustus is within Faustus himself, who is personified in two angles – good and evil – each trying to pull Faustus in their opposite paths. Hence, we often see that Faustus repents following the good advice of the good angle. However, the evil angle again scores its victory by infusing fear into Faustus’s heart. In the penultimate scene, Faustus is tested to give into the temptations of the seven deadly sins. We find him deceived by ‘lust’, one of the deadly sins, as he yields to the beauty of Helen, despite the advice of the old man. Even in the last scene, Faustus is spooked by the power of evil than the trust in God. His so called ‘repentance’ is the mere voice of fear than a firm prayer to God. Thus we find the prevalence of free-will and willful submission to the fears of his mind. 5. Settings Doctor Faustus stand on the verge of two eras – the Renaissance and the Middle Ages. Some aspects of the setting are distinctly medieval. For example, the world of Doctor Faustus includes heaven and hell, as did the religious dramas of the medieval period. The play, is often, lined up with supernatural characters – angels and demons, who might have stepped onstage right out of a cathedral. Like in the plays of Middle Ages, few of the background characters are in fiery pursuit of salvation. But, the setting of Doctor Faustus is also a Renaissance period – the period of European history at the close of the Middle Ages and the rise of the modern world – that gave rise to a cultural rebirth through the 14th to the middle of the 17th centuries. The atmosphere of the play is speculative. People are often asking question never dreamed of in the Middle Ages. For example, people are asking, ‘Is ther a hell?’ Faustus himself is seized by worldly ambitions. He is far more concerned about luxurious silk gowns and powerful war-machines than saving his soul. Was there a dividing line between the Middle Ages and the Renaissance ? The answer is there wasn’t. Both old and new ways of thinking existed side by side as people lived through a long period of transition. Transition is the key to the setting of the play. 6. Stage Direction Most of the stage direction are written within the dialogue of the script. Only few stage directions in parenthetical are the entrances, exits. â€Å"Damn’d be his soul for ever for this deed! [Exeunt all except Faustus  and Mephistopheles† Occasionally, especially during the scene involving the Pope, we find the occasional â€Å"I pledge your grace. [Snatches the cup.]†. and â€Å"Nay, then, take that. [Strikes the POPE.]† Each of these types of stage direction helps us to better understand of the action of the play. If the stage direction is in the direction, the audience not only hears what the action is about but they also get to see it. Likewise, if the stage direction is in parenthetical, then the director knows what Marlowe wants the scene to look like. 7. Scenes Allowances must be made for the shattered form in which Doctor Faustus survives. Originally, the play may have had the loose five-act structure suggested by the 1616 text. Or it may simply have been a collection of scenes or movements, as in the shorter version of 1604. In fact, the act divisions in ‘Doctor Faustus’ are the additions of later editors. Scholars have made their own decisions about the play’s probable cut-off points. That’s why no two editions of Doctor Faustus have identical act and scene numbers. 8. Theme A study in ambition, Dr. Faustus is someone who is an ‘overreacher’, a man who strives against human limitations. Faustus tries to do more than is humanly possible. He seeks to know, possess, and experience everything under the sun. There are two ways to read Doctor Faustus: First, the play glorifies ambition. Though Faustus is finally undone, his dreams emerge larger than the forces that defeat him. Second, the play criticizes ambition. Faustus falls to great depths from lofty heights. What’s more, his larger-than-life dreams are cut down to size by the pointed ironies of Mephistophilis. Thus we can say that Doctor Faustus is a great play of all the times.

Definition and Examples of Conciseness in Writing

In speech or writing, the term conciseness refers to language thats brief and to the point. To be effective, concise writing must deliver a clear message using an economy of words. Concise writing doesnt waste time with  circumlocution, padding, or verbosity. Repetition, unnecessary jargon, and needless details are to be avoided. When you minimize clutter, readers are more likely to remain engaged, understand and remember your message—and even act on it, should that be your goal. Before You Start Writing Whether youre tackling an article, essay, report, composition, or something in a fiction genre, such as a story or novel, the task of writing concisely begins as soon as your project starts. You must first narrow down your topic to bare bones in order to create whats known as a thesis statement. This is a brief explanation that encapsulates the information, theme, or message youre hoping to convey. Even for fiction, having a clear statement of purpose can help keep you focused. The second step prior to beginning your first draft is to flesh out your thesis with any necessary avenues of research or your story arc in the form of an organized outline. Once youve got that, prioritize it by the most pertinent points and prune out anything thats not vital. By keeping only the most important ideas, youll be able to target your writing and not waste time going off on unnecessary tangents. However, you may wish to keep deleted material for future reference. The First Drafting Your priority in writing a first draft should be to get through it from start to finish. You should have already highlighted points you want to cover during the research and outlining phases. You dont have to write your draft in a linear format from beginning to end. Sometimes its easier to start in the middle and then work your way back to the introduction. Some writers even start at the conclusion. Just remember that editing clutter  should be an ongoing process judiciously employed throughout the first draft—and beyond. Once youve covered the main ground, review the draft to add in pertinent quotes, citations, or dialogue as needed. While the perfect quote from an article, essay, or other published work can save time when composing your narrative, you must be mindful of the ratio of quoted material or paraphrased sources to your own writing. For maximum impact, use only the most relevant quotes. When possible, summarize and paraphrase your research, always taking care to use proper source citations. At the end of the day, the piece must be in your own words. Plagiarism is easily detected—especially in the digital age. You should also be aware that some editors and teachers will not include extensively quoted material in a final word count. That means if you have an assignment of 1,000 words, all but a very small percentage of those words must be original material. After the First Draft When youre satisfied with the draft, take a break. Youve accomplished something significant. And yes, the break is necessary because youll need to come back to the piece with fresh eyes to see what can still be cut or if the work requires restructuring. Author Elie Wiesel describes the process this way: Writing is not like painting where you add. It is not what you put on the canvas that the reader sees. Writing is more like a sculpture where you remove, you eliminate in order to make the work visible. Even those pages you remove somehow remain. There is a difference between a book of two hundred pages from the very beginning, and a book of two hundred pages, which is the result of an original eight hundred pages. The six hundred pages are there. Only you don’t see them. Big-Picture Revision How much revision youll need to do will depend on the length of your work and how closely you were able to follow your outline. Before making changes, take a step back and compare your thesis statement and outline to the draft, always keeping in mind the old adage, when it comes to concise writing, less is more. Dont use any extra words. A sentence is like a machine; it has a job to do. An extra word in a sentence is like a sock in a machine.—From Notes for Young Writers by Annie Dillard Ask yourself if you have sections, points, examples, or paragraphs that stray from your topic. If you do, does this material move the information or story forward? Will the reader still understand the point youre attempting to make if you delete it? For longer works, large-scale trimming of sections or chapters may be necessary. If youre lucky, however, youll be able to start at the paragraph or sentence level. Cutting on a large scale is something may writers have a problem with. As mentioned for the outline, it can be helpful to keep deleted material in a separate document that you can later refer to should the need arise. The excess material might even form the basis of a future piece of writing. [B]egin by pruning the big limbs. You can shake out the dead leaves later...Cut any passage that does not support your focus...Cut the weakest  quotations,  anecdotes, and scenes to give greater power to the strongest...Cut any passage you have written to satisfy a tough teacher or editor rather than the common reader...Dont invite others to cut. You know the work better. Mark optional trims. Then decide whether they should become actual cuts.—From Writing Tools by Roy Peter Clark Reducing Redundancy and Repetition Once youve honed your message, you reach sentence-level editing. This is where the scissors and scalpel come in—and the hatchet goes back in the closet. Review each paragraph for instances in which youve said the same thing in multiple ways. This occurs fairly often when something has a difficult or explanation. The solution is either to combine the best parts of redundant sentences or to start over and clarify the point youre trying to make. Dont be afraid to restructure sentences or to condense ideas. The more clearly and cleanly you write, the better your readers will comprehend your message. Look at the following example for reference: Redundant: The ability of different bird species to eat nuts and larger seeds depends on their beak style and shape. The form of the beak dictates function. The beaks of nut-eating birds must be powerful enough to break hulls and shaped to hold the food as the bird eats. Birds that eat mainly fruit or leaves may not be able to eat nuts due to their beaks being smaller and less forceful.Revision: Some birds can eat nuts and seeds, others cant. The deciding factor is the size and shape of their beaks. Nut- and seed-eating birds have powerful, curved beaks to hold food and crush hulls. Species that eat mainly fruit or leaves have smaller, weaker beaks. Fast Facts: 4 Rules for Concise Writing Avoid jargon.  Keep it simple. The less flowery your prose, the more accessible will be. Use shorter words instead of long ones when appropriate. Edit out  empty phrases  and  delete common redundancies.   More Ways to Cut Wordiness One red flag for redundancy is sentences that are overly long. If you suspect somethings overwritten, try reading it out loud. Does it sound awkward to the ear? Do you have to pause to take a breath? Does your meaning go off track? If the answer is yes, there are some things you can do to separate the wheat from the chaff: Can your sentence be understood without excess adjectives and adverbs? If so, delete them.  Changing a verb can create a stronger image.Qualifiers and intensifiers—such as very and extremely—are usually just filler.While sometimes its better to spell it all out, use contractions when you can. It sounds more conversational and less stilted. Thats just the way it is is preferable to That is just the way it is.Rephrase passive there is/are constructions. Eliminating to be verbs will make your sentences stronger.Cut extraneous instances of there is and that. For example: There is a rule on the books to cover appropriate fence styles for the homeowners association is not as clear or concise as The homeowners association rulebook covers appropriate fence styles.Review anything in parentheses or between dashes, which can sometimes send a reader off on a winding path. When possible, let the phrases stand alone as sentences.Break sentences of more than 25–30 words into smaller sentences.While there are exceptions, as a general rule, avoid using the passive voice.   Look at the following example to see how some of these rules can be applied: Wordy:  Following the author’s study of The Naval Chronicle (which goes into detail on the wars with Napoleon), a trip aboard a freighter from California to Central America, and his trip back home to England, the first book in the series was plotted.Revision: After studying The Naval Chronicle, which details the Napoleonic Wars, the author took a freighter voyage from California to Central America. He plotted the first book in the series upon returning home to England. Note that this extra-long sentence is bogged down with a parenthetical phrase in the middle of a series of items. Its also guilty of passive voice, consecutive prepositional phrases, and excessive verbiage. The information reads more clearly and is more easily understood when written as two sentences. Sources Elie Wiesel: Conversations. Edited by Robert Franciosi. University Press of Mississippi, 2002Dillard, Annie. Notes for Young Writers. Katharsis. August 4, 2013Clark, Roy Peter. Writing Tools: 55 Essential Strategies for Every Writer. Little, Brown Spark, 2006; Hachette, 2016

Single-Displacement Reaction Definition and Examples

The four main types of chemical reactions are synthesis reactions, decomposition reactions, single-displacement reactions, and double-displacement reactions. Single-Displacement Reaction  Definition A single-displacement reaction is a chemical reaction where one reactant is exchanged for one ion of a second reactant. It is also known as a single-replacement reaction. Single displacement reactions take the form: A BC → B AC Single-Displacement Reaction Examples The reaction between zinc metal and hydrochloric acid to produce zinc chloride and hydrogen gas is an example of a single-displacement reaction: Zn(s) 2 HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) H2(g) Another example is the displacement of iron from an iron(II) oxide solution using coke as a carbon source: 2 Fe2O3  (s) 3 C (s)  Ã¢â€ â€™Ã‚  Fe(s)   CO2  (g) Recognizing a Single-Displacement Reaction When you look at the chemical equation for a reaction, a single-displacement reaction is characterized by one cation or anion trading places with another to form a new product. Its easy to spot when one of the reactants is an element and the other is a compound. Usually, when two compounds react, both cations or both anions will change partners, producing a double-displacement reaction. You can predict whether a single-displacement reaction will occur by comparing the reactivity of an element using an activity series table. In general, a metal can displace any metal lower in the activity series (cations). The same rule applies to halogens (anions).